OOP in Swift - GitHub

1. What Is Object-Oriented Programming?

Object-Oriented Programming or OOP’s refers to the language that uses objects in programming. It is primarily concerned with the implementation of real-world entities such as inheritance, polymorphism, etc. in programming. For instance – in the class of Living Things; Humans, Animals, Plants, Microorganism, etc. are known as an object. OOP is used to solve real-world problems. OOP has several additional advantages like faster and easier to execute, provide a clear structure to the program which makes others easier to read the code, it uses the DRY principle “Don’t Repeat Yourself” which makes code easy to maintain modify and debug.

Also, OOP is not only important for Academic Exams but also very crucial in Interviews, especially for Fresher’s Interviews. There are a lot of topics in OOP and in this roadmap, we will discuss all these topics in sequence. If any fresher or Student will follow this Roadmap, he/she will definitely crack the Interview as well as College or University Exams based on OOPs Programming.

1.1. What is the structure of object-oriented programming?

The structure, or building blocks, of object-oriented programming include the following:

Classes are user-defined data types that act as the blueprint for individual objects, attributes and methods.
Objects are instances of a class created with specifically defined data. Objects can correspond to real-world objects or an abstract entity. When class is defined initially, the description is the only object that is defined.
Methods are functions that are defined inside a class that describe the behaviors of an object. Each method contained in class definitions starts with a reference to an instance object. Additionally, the subroutines contained in an object are called instance methods. Programmers use methods for reusability or keeping functionality encapsulated inside one object at a time.